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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sociolpolitol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 18. Социология и политология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-3736</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8769</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House of Lomonosov Moscow State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24290/1029-3736-2024-30-1-130-146</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sociolpolitol-1230</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ СОЦИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Кризисные тенденции в развитии социально-политической системы США: причины и последствия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Crisis trends in the development of the American socio-political system: causes and consequences</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каневский</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanevskiy</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Павел Сергеевич Каневский, канд. полит. наук, доц. кафедры политологии и социологии политических процессов социологического факультета,</p><p>Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 33, г. Москва, 119234.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kanevsky Pavel S., Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science and Sociology of Political Processes, Faculty of Sociology,</p><p>Leninsky Gory, 1-33, Moscow, 119234.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baggio-18@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>130</fpage><lpage>146</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каневский П.С., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каневский П.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kanevskiy P.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.socio.msu.ru/jour/article/view/1230">https://vestnik.socio.msu.ru/jour/article/view/1230</self-uri><abstract><p>Современные Соединенные Штаты Америки переживают сегодня один из наиболее острых в своей социально-политических кризисов в своей истории. США находятся в состоянии глубокого общественного, политического и экономического разлома, который сказывается на политической и экономической эффективности, ведет к значительным социальным дисфункциям и делигитимации политической системы. Автор статьи утверждает, что это данный кризис отличается от остальных кризисов, с которыми США сталкивались в своей истории, так как наблюдается наслоение нескольких кризисных тенденций, которые накапливались с течением времени и в итоге слились в едином потоке. По отношению к нынешнему состоянию Соединенных Штатов автор предлагает использовать понятие поликризиса - относительно редкого явления в социально-политическом развитии любой страны, подразумевающего одновременное нарушение стабильности, разлом сразу в нескольких ключевых для государства и общества сферах. В американском случае поликризис состоит из четырех основных элементов, которые затрагивают политическую и социально-экономическую сферы общества: идеологическая поляризация американского общества, множественные расколы внутри Демократической и Республиканской политических партий, сокращение доходов среднего класса, постоянный рост социально-экономического неравенства. Автор приходит к выводу, что нынешний поликризис неизбежно приведет к трансформации и политической системы, и общества. Вопрос лишь, с каким знаком будет данная трансформация. При благоприятном раскладе возобладают новые эгалитарные силы, которые смогут сгладить острые углы возросшего неравенства, а также вернуть центристскую направленность американской политики. При негативном сценарии, США будут скатываться во все больший хаос, которые чреват социальными взрывами и подрывом американской демократии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The United States of America is living through today one of the most acute socio-political crises in its history. The United States is in a state of deep social, political and economic fracture, which affects political and economic efficiency, leads to significant social dysfunctions and delegitimization of the political system. The author argues that current crisis differs from other crises that the United States had faced in its history. There is a layering of several crises that accumulated over time and eventually merged into a single stream. Describing current crisis in the USA, the author proposes to use the concept of a polycrisis - a relatively rare phenomenon in the socio-political development of any country, implying a simultaneous violation of stability, a breakdown in several key areas for the state and the society. In the American case, the polycrisis consists of four main elements that affect the political and socio-economic spheres of the society: ideological polarization of the American society, multiple splits within the Democratic and Republican political parties, declining incomes of the middle class, and the constant increase in socio-economic inequality. The author comes to the conclusion that the current polycrisis will inevitably transform both the political system and the society. The only question is what direction this transformation takes. In a favorable scenario, new egalitarian forces will prevail, smoothing out the sharp edges of increased inequality, as well as restoring the centrist orientation of American politics. In a negative scenario, the United States will slide into ever greater chaos, which is fraught with social explosions and the undermining of American democracy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Соединенные Штаты Америки</kwd><kwd>социально-политический кризис</kwd><kwd>поликризис</kwd><kwd>политическая система</kwd><kwd>поляризация</kwd><kwd>неравенство</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>United States of America</kwd><kwd>socio-political crisis</kwd><kwd>polycrisis</kwd><kwd>political system</kwd><kwd>polarization</kwd><kwd>inequality</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Козырева П.М., Смирнов А.И. Кризис многопартийности в России // Полис. 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