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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sociolpolitol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 18. Социология и политология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-3736</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8769</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House of Lomonosov Moscow State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24290/1029-3736-2025-31-2-89-102</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sociolpolitol-1406</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРИЯ И ИСТОРИЯ СОЦИОЛОГИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORY AND HISTORY OF SOCIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Профессор Н.А. Захаров о самобытной эволюции исторического развития русской государственной власти</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Professor N.A. Zakharov on the distinctive evolution of the historical development of Russian state power</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смолин</surname><given-names>М. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolin</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смолин Михаил Борисович, канд. историч. наук, проф. кафедры истории и философии</p><p>ул. Библиотечная, д. 7, г. Химки, Московская обл., 141406</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Smolin Michail B., Candidate of Historical Sciences, Head of the Department of History and Historical Archives</p><p>st. Library, 7, Khimki, Moscow region, 141406</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">fondiv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Московского государственного института культуры</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State Institute of Culture</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>89</fpage><lpage>102</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смолин М.Б., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смолин М.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smolin M.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.socio.msu.ru/jour/article/view/1406">https://vestnik.socio.msu.ru/jour/article/view/1406</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена концепции социологии власти профессора Захарова Николая Александровича (1883–1937) изложенной им в исследовании “Система русской государственной власти” (1912).</p><p>Н.А. Захаров отстаивал за государством право самобытности, непохожести, оригинальности. В его глазах именно индивидуальные особенности государства порождают политическую независимость и жизненную силу этих государств. Из этого положения, для него вытекала необходимость изучать государственный строй государств в связи с историей. Особенности формирования русской системы власти он видел во влиянии византийской идеи власти императора, идеи религиозного автократизма и в частноправовом характере власти великих князей из рода Рюриковичей, смотревших на свои владения, как на свою неотчуждаемую вотчину, переходящую по наследству в их роде. Влияние западнических идей сменилось государственными реформами 1905–1906 годов, которые Н.А. Захаров воспринимал одновременно и выправлением некоторых перегибов абсолютизма, и установлением порядка, который восстанавливал традиционные начала русской власти.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article is devoted to the concept of the sociology of power by Professor Nikolai Aleksandrovich Zakharov (1883–1937), as set out in his study “The System of Russian State Power” (1912). N.A. Zakharov defended the state’s right to uniqueness, dissimilarity, and originality. In his eyes, it is the individual characteristics of the state that generate political independence and the vitality of these states. From this position, for him, there followed the need to study the state system of states in connection with history. He saw the peculiarities of the formation of the Russian system of power in the influence of the Byzantine idea of the power of the emperor, the idea of religious autocracy, and the private law nature of the power of the great princes from the Rurik dynasty, who viewed their possessions as their inalienable patrimony, passed on by inheritance in their family. The influence of Westernizing ideas was replaced by state reforms of 1905-1906, which N.A. Zakharov perceived it as both a correction of some of the excesses of absolutism and the establishment of an order that restored the traditional principles of Russian power.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>автократизм</kwd><kwd>верховная власть</kwd><kwd>государственный строй</kwd><kwd>государство</kwd><kwd>император</kwd><kwd>Российская империя</kwd><kwd>самодержавие</kwd><kwd>система</kwd><kwd>реформирование</kwd><kwd>частноправовой характер</kwd><kwd>царь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>autocracy</kwd><kwd>supreme power</kwd><kwd>state system</kwd><kwd>state</kwd><kwd>emperor</kwd><kwd>Russian empire</kwd><kwd>autocracy</kwd><kwd>system</kwd><kwd>reform</kwd><kwd>private law character</kwd><kwd>tsar</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">АУФСБКК, № П58528.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">AUFSBKK, N P58528 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Владимирский-Буданов М.Ф. 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