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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">sociolpolitol</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вестник Московского университета. Серия 18. Социология и политология</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1029-3736</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2541-8769</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Publishing House of Lomonosov Moscow State University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24290/1029-3736-2025-31-3-147-166</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">sociolpolitol-1449</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОЛИТИЧЕСКАЯ СОЦИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Плюралистическая модель лоббизма: критическая рефлексия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pluralistic model of lobbying: critical reflection</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каневский</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kanevsky</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Каневский Павел Сергеевич - канд. полит. наук, доц. кафедры политологии и социологии политических процессов социологического факультета.</p><p>Ленинские горы, 1, стр. 33, Москва, 119234</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pavel S. Kanevsky - Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science and Sociology of Political Processes, Faculty of Sociology, Lomonosov Moscow State University.</p><p>Leninsky Gory, 1-33, Moscow, 119234</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baggio-18@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>МГУ имени М.В. Ломоносова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Lomonosov Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>31</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>147</fpage><lpage>166</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каневский П.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каневский П.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kanevsky P.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestnik.socio.msu.ru/jour/article/view/1449">https://vestnik.socio.msu.ru/jour/article/view/1449</self-uri><abstract><p>Данная статья посвящена изучению плюралистической модели лоббизма на примере Соединенных Штатов Америки. Актуальность данной проблематики связана с тем, что Россия во многом оказалась на обочине важного спора между сторонниками плюрализма и корпоративизма, как двух моделей лоббизма и, шире, представительства общественных интересов. Данная дискуссия важна с точки зрения понимания того, какая система представительства интересов в большей степени отвечает российской национальной, культурной и политической специфике, как правильно подойти к вопросу институционализации лоббизма. Долгое время российские эксперты и политики рассматривали лоббизм исключительно в плюралистическом ключе, беря за точку отсчета американский опыт его институционализации и регулирования. Впрочем, вопрос о том, в какой степени американский опыт применим для России, остается открытым. Следовательно, необходимо еще раз подробно разобраться в плюсах и минусах данных моделей. Данная статья открывает цикл статей автора о природе плюрализма и корпоративизма в современных реалиях и посвящена плюралистической модели. Автор предпринимает попытку анализа ее динамики и современного состояния на примере Соединенных Штатов Америки. Анализ этого примера важен не только для выявления общих закономерностей, присущих развитию феномена лоббизма в плюралистических системах, но и для того, чтобы показать, насколько феномен лоббизма зависит от политико-институционального окружения, культурных и общественных норм. Автор приходит к заключению, что развитие лоббизма в США сталкивается с большими проблемами, такими как увеличивающийся разрыв между возможностями групп интересов влиять на политический процесс, а также главенство частных (специальных) интересов над общественными.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article focuses on the study of the pluralistic model of lobbying using the example of the United States of America. The relevance of this issue is can be explained by the fact that Russia has largely found itself on the sidelines of an important dispute between supporters of pluralism and corporatism as two models of lobbying and, more broadly, representation of public interests. This discussion is important from the point of view of understanding which system of interest representation best suits Russia’s national, cultural and political specifics, and how to approach the issue of lobbying institutionalization. For a long time, Russian experts and politicians considered lobbying exclusively in a pluralistic key, taking the American experience of its institutionalization and regulation as a starting point. However, the question of the extent to which the American experience is applicable to Russia remains open. Therefore, it is necessary to examine in detail the pros and cons of these models. This article opens a series of articles by the author on the nature of pluralism and corporatism in modern realities and is devoted to the pluralistic model. The author attempts to analyze its dynamics and current state using the example of the United States of America. The analysis of this example is important not only for identifying general patterns inherent in the development of the lobbying phenomenon in pluralistic systems, but also for showing how much the lobbying phenomenon depends on the political and institutional environment, cultural and social norms. The author concludes that the development of lobbying in the United States faces major problems, such as the increasing gap between the ability of interest groups to influence the political process, as well as the primacy of private (special) interests over public ones.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>лоббизм</kwd><kwd>коррупция</kwd><kwd>группы интересов</kwd><kwd>плюрализм. корпоративизм</kwd><kwd>политическая система</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lobbying</kwd><kwd>corruption</kwd><kwd>interest groups</kwd><kwd>pluralism</kwd><kwd>corporatism</kwd><kwd>political system</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алмонд Г., Пауэлл Дж., Стром К., Далтон Р. Сравнительная политология сегодня. Мировой обзор. М., 2002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Almond G. 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