Integration of urban and rural areas in modern China

             The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that China has entered a new stage of its development – the bulk of the population is concentrated in cities. Until recently, migration to cities and active urbanization were system-forming processes in Chinese society. In the post-industrial era, the situation changes significantly and requires sociological understanding.

             The country's accelerated industrialization in recent decades has brought millions of people into the cities. A stereotype has formed according to which success in life can only be achieved in the city. In many ways, migration developed spontaneously; people moved to cities in accordance with fashion, rather than rational considerations. As a result, the culture of urban settlements suffered noticeable damage. There are now areas populated by people who were unable to settle in the city and were limited in their ability to return to the village.

             The country’s leadership has formulated a new policy aimed at integrating urban and rural areas. It is based on three social priorities: 1) slow down migration from villages to cities; 2) rationalize migration flows, taking into account the need for the development of industrial enterprises and the cities where they are located; 3) create opportunities for migration from cities to rural areas.

             The most important direction in the implementation of such a policy was the creation of city-regions, uniting several cities (in some cases including one metropolis) and the surrounding countryside. In this case, the infrastructure of cities gradually spreads to the rural outskirts and then covers the entire city-region; in the same time created in rural areas industrial enterprises and service organizations slow down traditional migration to cities and cause reverse migration flows.

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