THE SOCIAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE PUBLIC HEALTH

The article analyzes the role of sociology in the scientific management of society — namely — the social construction aimed at the prevention of adverse events and the creation of social realities desirable for the individual and society. One of the areas of social reality, as well as the most important sphere of social life which are subject to social construction is public health. Public health is considered as an integrated expression of the dynamics of individual levels of the health of all members of society. The author emphasizes that the public health of the people is formed by the interaction of two groups of factors — endogenous (sex, biological age, race, body type, heredity and type of the human nervous system) and exogenous (natural and social) factors. The last are created by people themselves in the course of their ability to live and are operated, that is socially designed. The author analyzes the negative processes related to public health, the most important of which is a complex situation in the health system, lack of faith in the possibility of human medicine. An equally important role belongs to the deterioration of environmental significant share of people’s living conditions and social stress. If earlier scientists did not specify, in what degree of threat of infringement of global ecosystems are connected with a state of health and features of diseases of the population now it is established that various forms of irreversible change of environment are directly dangerous to public health. From an antiquity the effect of discrepancy of the wished (abstractly) and actually arising future wished (abstractly) — effect of human activity is known: people wish one, however actually all terminates differently, practically, on the contrary. And these characteristics of a public sincere, mental condition can be extremely inconsistent in relation to knowledge. They are the basis of so-called “involuntary behaviors”, remaining “thing in itself”, without understanding what it means for the future. One type of such conduct, as well as a serious social problem is the unhealthy lifestyle of modern man, speaking in turn, the most important factor in the development of numerous diseases. On the one hand, people, especially young ones, rarely think about the consequences of bad habits, excess or misuse of power, and physical inactivity. On the other hand, the company does very little to teach people health-saving technologies. The special problem is represented by interests of business of large and powerful corporations which advertise on TV, in newspapers and magazines, on the Internet, intensive consumption of medical products and unhealthy (artificial) food. In authors view, public health can be improved by ensuring a worthy place to identify and study the specific social problems associated with exogenous factors of public health. Even some progress towards Russians concerns such a social problem as a public health will allow to generate the new public consciousness reflecting real vital interests of the person and a society.

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