INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXTS OF LABOUR MARKETS’ DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA AND GERMANY
https://doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2019-25-2-40-65
Abstract
The institutional context of labour market development synthesizes both direct impact factors (government regulation and relevant laws) and specific institutions — traditions, behavior stereotypes, and cultural features. The article compares several institutional aspects of the labour markets in Russia and Germany. The main feature of the Russian labour market is distinguished out: low unemployment rate and simultaneously very low wages. In fact, the most important incentive for Russians is the fear of losing their jobs and becoming unemployed.
A significant factor of direct impact, determining the differences of these markets, is the amount of unemployment benefits. This factor is the reason for the presence or absence of parasitic attitudes in the society, in particular, among migrants staying in the country.
The various models of market relations that have developed by this time in the two countries have determined the degree of market freedom from state influence. In general, in Germany, the market and employee-employer relations are more controlled by the state. At the same time in Russia the most important priority of the government agencies has become financial efficiency. It often comes into conflict with social efficiency, and sometimes with common sense.
The institutional context of the labour market is formed not only by the market itself and the bodies regulating it. It is influenced by socio-economic and cultural phenomena associated with different spheres of life. In this regard, the authors focused on the pre-school institutions’ availability and operation mode, as well as on the degree of state support for small businesses.
About the Authors
Sergey A. Barkov
Lomonosov Moscow State University
Russian Federation
Doctor of Sociology, Professor, Head of Economic Sociology and Management Subdepartment, Faculty of Sociology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1-33, Moscow, 119234
Russian Federation
Doctor of Sociology, Professor, Head of Economic Sociology and Management Subdepartment, Faculty of Sociology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskiye Gory, 1-33, Moscow, 119234
Michael Scharpf
University of Applied Labour Studies
Germany
Doctor of Economy, Professor, Prorector of Hochschule der Bundesagentur fur Arbeit — University of Applied Labour Studies
Germany
Doctor of Economy, Professor, Prorector of Hochschule der Bundesagentur fur Arbeit — University of Applied Labour Studies
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Review
For citations:
Barkov S.A., Scharpf M. INSTITUTIONAL CONTEXTS OF LABOUR MARKETS’ DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA AND GERMANY. Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science. 2019;25(2):40-65. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2019-25-2-40-65
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