Preview

Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science

Advanced search

Russia and Eurasia. Russian identity and prejudices of the West

https://doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2021-27-2-171-199

Abstract

Over the last years, relations between Russia and the West have undergone a continuous deterioration in all major international scenarios, with Moscow playing a leading role from Eastern Europe to the Middle East. Western prejudices and lack of confindence toward Russia are not new and sink their roots well before the Revolution of 1917. They have been a constant of international relations for at least six centuries and still prevent true cooperation and understanding of the deepest motivations of Kremlin policies. In particular, western observers and policy makers seem to be unable to understand the peculiarities of the Russian identity and its eurasian dimension. This article proposes a brief analysis of the system of Russian-Western relations in the light of the so-called rusofobija, the Russian position in the Eurasian region with the geopolitical consequences of the USSR’s disintegration and the return to the role of great power under Vladimir Putin.

About the Author

A. Giannotti
MGIMO (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation; University of Pisa
Russian Federation

Giannotti Andrea, Ph.D. Polit. Sciences, Prof. Department of World Political Processes; prof. Department of History of International Relations

Vernadsky prospect, 76, Moscow, Russian Federation, 119454

Lungarno Antonio Pacinotti, 43, Pisa, Italy, 56126 



References

1. Artamonov M.I. Istoriya hazar [History of the Khazars]. L., 1962.

2. Back to the USSR? Putin raises fears of return to Cold War days with plans for “Eurasian Union” of former Soviet states // Daily Mail. 2011. 5 Oct. URL: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2045186/Vladimir-Putin-Eurasian-Union-plans-raisefears-return-Cold-War-days.html

3. Bugajski J. Expanding Eurasia: Russia’s European Ambitions. Washington, 2008.

4. Chenoy A.M., Kumar R. Reemerging Russia: Structures, Institutions and Processes. Singapore, 2017.

5. Chubar’yan A.O. “Normanskaya” teoriya o zakone [“Norman” theory of law] // Rossijskaya gazeta. 2014. 2 noyab.

6. Clinton, Yelstin set Summit for April 4 // Washongton Post. 1993. 26 febr. URL: https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1993/02/26/clinton-yeltsin-setsummit-for-april-4/815131f9-3aca-4fc8-aa12-ca01e9cc6f1f/

7. Cohen A. The “Primakov doctrine”: Russia’s zero-sum game with United States // Heritage Foundation. 1997. Vol. CLXVII.

8. Custine A.L.L., de. La Russie en 1839. Wouters et Co. Imprimeurs — Libraires. Bruxelles, 1843.

9. Dadabaeva Z.A. Osobennosti ekonomicheskogo sotrudnichestva Tadzhikistana s vostochnoaziatskimi stranami [Features of economic cooperation of Tajikistan with East Asian countries] // Vostochnye sosedi SNG: faktory i problemy sotrudnichestva. M., 2010.

10. Dostoevskij F.M. Dnevnik pisatelya. Yanvar’ 1881 [Writer’s diary. January 1881] // Dostoevskij F.M. Polnoe sobranie sochinenij. T. 30. XXVII. L., 1972–1987. S. 33–37.

11. Evrazijskij integracionnyj proekt: ebekty i problemy realizacii [Eurasian integration project: effects and implementation problems]. M., 2013.

12. Evrazijstvo: klyuchevye idei, cennosti, politicheskie prioritety [Eurasianism: key ideas, values, political priorities]. Barnaul, 2007.

13. Goryunov I.A. Aziatskij vektor Rossii: vozmozhnosti i ugrozy [Asian vector of Russia: opportunities and threats] // Evrazijskaya integraciya, geostrategicheskij aspekt. M.; Rostov n/D., 2014. S. 130–131.

14. Grinberg R.S. Formirovanie Evrazijskogo soyuza: shansy i riski [Formation of the Eurasian Union: Opportunities and Risks] // Evrazijskkaya integraciya, geostrategicheskij aspekt. M.; Rostov n/D., 2014.

15. Groh D. La Russia e l’autocoscienza d’Europa. Torino, 1980.

16. Hegel G.W.F. Die Vernund in der Geschichte Auf Grund des aueehaltenen handschridlichen Materials. Leipzig, 1930.

17. http://eurasia.com.ru/vciom.html

18. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/Rles/reports/255/hdr_1994_en_complete_nostats.pdf http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/Rles/hdr14-report-en-1.pdf http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/Rles/hdr2019.pdf

19. https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2020-08-13/belarus-protests-why-is-putin-backing-lukashenko

20. https://www.bostonglobe.com/2020/08/06/arts/focus-seeing-post-soviet-society-ice-red-penguins/

21. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2624817/How-Putins-walking-Sixyears-ago-EDWARD-LUCAS-branded-scaremonger-warning-danger-posed-Westtoday-threats-alarming-ever.html

22. https://www.ilgiornale.it/news/mondo/lotta-cina-contro-terrorismo-ed-estremismo-nello-xinjiang-1795672.html

23. http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2015/01/weodata/weorept.aspx-?sy=2013&ey=2020&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=47&pr1.y=5&c=946%2C137%2C122%2C181%2C124%2C918%2C138%2C964%2C182%2C960%2C968%2C423%2C935%2C128%2C939%2C936%2C961%2C172%2C132%2C184%2C134%2C174%2C144%2C944%2C178%2C136%2C112%2C941&s=NGDPD%2CPPPPC&grp=0&a=#cs29

24. Iojrysh A.I. Uroki A.D. Saharova: gosudarstvenno-politicheskie vzglyady [[e lessons of A.D. Sakharova: State and Political Views]. M., 1996.

25. Kara-Murza S.G. Evrazijskaya integraciya: glavnye trudnosti [Eurasian integration: main dicculties] // Evrazijskaya integraciya, geostrategicheskij aspekt. M.; Rostov n/D., 2014. S. 20–23.

26. Kennan G.F. The Marquis de Custine and his Russia in 1839. Princeton, 1971.

27. Laumulin M.T. Vozvrashchenie v mesto, kotorogo net [Returning to a place that does not exist] // Rossiya v global’noj politike. 2012. T. I.

28. Malinkovich E.D. Tri revolyucii i dve perestrojki [Three revolutions and two perestroika]. M., 2008.

29. Martini M. L’utopia spodestata. Torino, 2005.

30. Milyutenko N.I., Prohorov G.M. Svyatoj ravnoapostol’nyj knyaz’ Vladimir i kreshchenie Rusi [Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir and the Baptism of Rus]. SPb., 2008.

31. Mostafa G. The concept of “Eurasia”: Kazakhstan’s Eurasian policy and its implications // Journal of Eurasian Studies. 2013. Vol. IV.

32. Nysanbaev A.N., Kurmanbaev E.A. Evrazijskaya ideya Chokana Valihanova The Eurasian Idea of Chokan Valikhanov] // Evrazijskoe soobshchestvo. 1999. T. XXVI. S. 26–31.

33. Osipov Yu.M. Konceptual’nye osnovy evropejskoj mezhdunarodnoj integracii [Conceptual foundations of European international integration] // Evrazijskaya integraciya, geostrategicheskij aspekt. M., Rostov n/D., 2014.

34. Popov D.S. Kazahstan — vorota Kitaya v CA [Kazakhstan — China’s Gateway to Central Asia] // Geopolitika. 2012. T. XVI.

35. Putin V.V. Novyj integracionnyj proekt dlya Evrazii: budushchee, kotoroe rozhdaetsya segodnya [A new integration project for Eurasia: the future that is being born today] // Izvestiya. 2011. 3 okt.

36. Putin V.V. Rossiya: nacional’nyj vopros [Russia: the national question] // Nezavisimaya gazeta. 2012. 23 yanv.

37. Riasanovky N.V. Storia della Russia. Milano, 2013.

38. Rossiya i ES v Central’noj Azii, CCXXII doklad Instituta Evropy RAN [Russia and the EU in Central Asia, CCXXII report of the Institute of Europe RAS]. M., 2008.

39. Sajt agentstva France Press [[e website of the France Press agency]. URL: http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/default.aspx?pageid=438&n=lavrov-russia-could-join-eu-eastern-partnership-2009-11-25

40. Sajt agentstva RT [RT agency website]. URL: http://rt.com/politics/clinton-russia-cis-peskov-371/

41. Sajt agentstva “Eurostat” [The site of the agency “Eurostat”]. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/tgm/table.do?tab=table&language=en&pcode=tps00001&tableSelection=1&footnotes=yes&labeling=labels&plugin=1

42. Sajt Gosdepartamenta SSHA [US Department of State website]. URL: http://www.state.gov/p/sca/ci/af/newsilkroad/

43. Sajt Statkomiteta SNG [CIS Statistical Committee website]. URL: http://www.cisstat.com/

44. Schmidt M. Is Putin pursuing a policy of Eurasianism? // Demokratizacija. 2005. Vol. I. P. 200–205.

45. Sengupta A. Conceptualizing Eurasian geopolitics: debates and discourses on Hertland // Россия в Азии: перспективы партнерства и взаимодействия. Новосибирск, 2009.

46. Semennikova L.I. Rossiya v mirovom soobshchestve civilizacii [Russia in the world community of civilization]. M., 2009.

47. Shelkoplyas E.V. Novaya bol’shaya ideya kak uslovie bol’shoj evrazijskoj integracii [A new big idea as a condition for great Eurasian integration] // Evrazijskkaya integraciya, geostrategicheskij aspekt. M.; Rostov n/D., 2014. S. 167–168.

48. Shrielman V.A. To make a bridge: Eurasian discourse in the post-Soviet world // Anthropology of East Europe Reviewю. 2009. Vol. II. P. 69–85.

49. Shucun’ V., Cinsun V. Perspektivy evrazijskogo integracionnogo proekta i ego posledstviya dlya Kitaya [Prospects of the Eurasian integration project and its consequences for China] // Problemy nacional’noj strategii. 2013. T. III. S. 84–101.

50. Shustov A.V. Russkie opyat’ pokidayut Kazahstan [Russians are leaving Kazakhstan again] // Altynorda. 2011. 24 noyab.

51. Spengler O. Der Mensch und die Technik: Beitrag zu einer Philosophie des Lebens. Berlino, 2014.

52. Syzdykova Zh.S. Evrazijskij Soyuz: k budushchemu s uchetom proshlogo [Eurasian Union: towards the future taking into account the past] // Teoriya i praktika obshchestvennogo razvitiya. 2012. T. X.

53. Trepalov V.V. Russkie v Evrazii XVII–XIX vv. [Russians in Eurasia in the 17th — 19th centuries]. M., 2008.

54. Trubeckoj N.S. Vzglyad na russkuyu istoriyu ne s Zapada, a s Vostoka [A look at Russian history not from the West, but from the East]. URL: http://www.kulicki.com

55. USelmann D. Post-Russian Eurasia and the proto-Eurasian usage of the Runet in Kazakhstan: a plea for a cyberlinguistic turn in area studies // Journal of Eurasian Studies. 2011. Vol. II.

56. Vasil’eva N.A., Lagutina M.L. Global’nyj evrazijskij region: opyt teoreticheskogo osmysleniya social’no-politicheskoj integracii [The Global Eurasian Region: An Experience of Theoretical Understanding of Socio-Political Integration]. SPb., 2012.

57. Vernadskij G.V. Zolotoj vek Kievskoj Rusi [The Golden Age of Kievan Rus]. M., 2012.

58. Vinokurov E.Yu., Libman A.M. Eurasia and Eurasian integration: beyond the post-soviet borders // Eurasian Integration Book. 2012. RUAN, Almaty.

59. Vinokurov E.Yu., Libman A.M. Evrazijskaya kontinental’naya integraciya [Eurasian continental integration]. SPb., 2012.

60. Wilson R.T. A sketch of the military and political power of Russia. Auckland, 1817.


Review

For citations:


Giannotti A. Russia and Eurasia. Russian identity and prejudices of the West. Moscow State University Bulletin. Series 18. Sociology and Political Science. 2021;27(2):154-183. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.24290/1029-3736-2021-27-2-171-199

Views: 1176


Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.


ISSN 1029-3736 (Print)
ISSN 2541-8769 (Online)