Аgents of social control about the risks of youth deviance

The article is devoted to one of the most urgent problems of the social life – to the identifying the risks of young people’s deviance. For modern Russian realities, the growth of deviant phenomena in a given social group is characteristic. This testifies to the shortcomings of the organization of preventive social control, which is not limited to the development of a policy on prevention, but is more dependent on professional practices and ideas about the risks of deviance in the discourses of various control agents. The article presents the main approaches to understanding risks, the importance of studying risks in everyday professional practices of control agents is examined. The main attention is paid to the presentation of the research results, the purpose of which was to identify the general and specific in the content of discourses of social control agents regarding the risks of deviance of youth. The discourses of the main agents of control – police, school, social service institutions (state and non-state) are considered. The author comes to the conclusion that in the police and teacher discourses, an institutional approach, involving the use of external control of behavior, is predominantly used. The discourse of social security institutions is closer to the modern concepts of riskand protective factors, based on the need to consider life situations of youth and the development of internal control. This article may be of interest to specialists working in the field of the sociology of youth, the sociology of the family, social work, as well as to representatives of all agents of preventive social control.

1. Antonovskij A. Ju. Prostranstvo i vremja kommunikacii i soznanija: Burd’e vs. Luman [The space and time of communication and consciousness: Bourdieu vs. Luhmann] // Kommunikativnaja racional’nost’: jepistemologicheskij podhod [Communicative rationality: the epistemological approach]. M., 2009. P. 64–93 (in Russian).

2. Beck U. Risikogesellschaft. Auf dem Weg in eine andere Moderne. Frankfurt am Main, 1986.

3. Berger P., Lukman T. Social’noe konstruirovanie real’nosti. Traktat po sociologii znanija [The Social Construction of Reality. A Treatise on sociology of Knowledge]. M., 1995 (in Russian).

4. Breuer T. Kriminologie als kriminologische Handlungslehre: Ein Grundriss für die Ausund Fortbildung. Landwaden, 1998.

5. Delinquenz im Jugendalter: Erkenntnisse einer Münsteraner Längsschnittstudie / K. Boers, J. Reineke (Hrg.). M nster, 2007.

6. Efimovskij A.V., Stebeneva E.V. Sovremennaja prestupnost’: tendencii, prichiny, prognoz (na primere Sankt-Peterburga) [Modern crime: trends, causes, forecast (on the example of St. Petersburg)] // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta MVD Rossii [Vestnik St. Petersburg University of the Ministry of Interior of Russia]. 2015. N 1 (65). P. 82–86 (in Russian).

7. Ezhegodnyj doklad upolnomochennogo po pravam rebenka v Sankt-Peterburge za 2015 g. [Annual report of the Commissioner for Children’s Rights in St. Petersburg in 2015]. SPb., 2016 (in Russian).

8. Farrington D.P. Protective and promotive factors in the development of offending // Antisocial Behavior and Crime: Contributions of Developmental and Evaluation Research to Prevention and Intervention. Cambridge, 2011. P. 71–88.

9. Giddens Je. Sociologija. [Sociology]. M., 2005 (in Russian).

10. Hafeneger B. Jugend-Gewalt: zwischen Erziehung, Kontrolle und Repression: ein historischer Abriss. Opladen, 1994.

11. Hart K. Postmodernizm [Postmodernism]. M., 2006 (in Russian).

12. Luman N. Ponjatie riska [The concept of risk] // Al’manah THESIS [Almanac THESIS]. 1994. P. 135–160 (in Russian).

13. Na puti k prestupleniju: deviantnoe povedenie podrostkov i riski vzroslenija v sovremennoj Rossii (opyt sociologicheskogo analiza) [On the way to the crime: deviant behavior of teenagers and the risks of growing up in modern Russia (experience of sociological analysis)]: Kollektivnaja monografija / Pod nauch. red. M.E. Pozdnjakovoj, T.A. Hagurova. Krasnodar; M., 2012 (in Russian).

14. Oberwittler D., Schwarzenbach A., Gerstner D. Polizei und Jugendliche in multiethnischen Gesellschaften Ergebnisse der Schulbefragung 2011 “Lebenslagen und Risiken von Jugendlichen” in Köln und Mannheim. Freiburg im Br., 2014.

15. Porus V. Racional’naja kommunikacija kak problema jepistemologii [Rational communication as a problem of epistemology] // Kommunikativnaja racional’nost’: jepistemologicheskij podhod [Communicative rationality: the epistemological approach]. M., 2009. P. 11–24 (in Russian).

16. Rossija: riski i opasnosti “perehodnogo obshhestva” [Russia: risks and dangers of a “transitional society”] / Pod red. O.N. Janicki. M., 1998 (in Russian).

17. Schneider H.J. Kriminologie für das 21. Jarhundert: Schwerpunkte und Fortschritte der internationalen Kriminologie. Münster, 2001.

18. Shipunova T.V. Diskursivnaja prezentacija narushitelja norm v kommunikativnoj modeli social’nogo kontrolja [Discourse presentation of the offender in the communicative model of social control] // Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta. Serija 12: Psihologija. Sociologija. Pedagogika [Vestnik St. Petersburg University. Series 12: Psychology. Sociology. Pedagogy]. 2017. T. 10. Vyp. 4. S. 441–453 (in Russian).

19. Shjutc A. Smyslovaja struktura povsednevnogo mira: ocherki po fenomenologicheskoj sociologii [The notional structure of the everyday world: essays on the phenomenological sociology] / Nauch. red. perevoda G.S. Batygin. M., 2003 (in Russian).

20. Tejvan-Trejnovskij Ja. Analiz faktorov riska prestupnosti nesovershennoletnih v Latvii [Analysis of risk factors for juvenile delinquency in Latvia] // Kriminologicheskij zhurnal Bajkal’skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta jekonomiki i prava [Criminological journal of the Baikal State University of Economics and Law]. 2013. N 2. P. 102–110 (in Russian).

21. Thiersch H. Lebensweltorientierte Soziale Arbeit: Aufgaben der Praxis im sozialen Wandel. Weinheim; München, 1997.