THEORY, METHODOLOGY AND HISTORY OF SOCIOLOGY
The civilization has a long history. It was formed in the framework of history and philosophy of history. In sociology it was used from time to time and only as a means of analysis of religion and culture. However in the middle of the XX century in the context of post-colonial studies it became evident that both the process of movement of different societies to modernity and the results of this movement show the lack of universalist patterns. It also become clear that one can use theory of civilization to explain all these phenomena. In fact the civilization approach turned out to be a useful alternative to the universalist approach as a way of understanding the contemporary global world especially of the processes of modernization.
The civilization approach has made it possible to work out a new version of global sociology. It shows the way to investigate the culture-civilization complex which includes religion social institutes and identities.
SOCIAL STRUCTURE, INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES
ECONOMIC SOCIOLOGY
The article examines the financial behavior of Russian customers of Sberbank of Russia. As an information base of the study, we use aggregated open data on the behavior of the Bank’s customers in all regions of Russia.
The author characterizes the key trends of financial behavior of Russians, pointing to the growth of the tendency to saving.
The article describes two models of financial behavior of the Bank’s customers. In the first, citizens are focused on the widespread use of credit funds, regardless of their own income. The second involves a more rational attitude to finance and is determined by the size of the average wage. The article concludes about the low financial literacy of Russians, which is manifested in the use of such inefficient financial instruments as bank deposit for savings and investments. The author points out that only a small part of Russians have formulated a financial strategy, a comprehensive plan of personal investments using a wide range of tools such as individual investment account, mutual funds, stock and bond markets.
At the end of the article, some aspects of regional specifics of financial behavior are considered. Subjects of the Russian Federation are analyzed through the prism of the volume of bank deposits, expenses on plastic bank cards, the volume and number of mortgage and consumer loans.
POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY
SOCIOLOGY OF COMMUNICATION
ISSN 2541-8769 (Online)