This article actualizes the problems of destructive, namely, manipulative influence of communications on the Internet on the mental health of Russian youth, which have been discussed in specialized literature for a long time.

The author emphasizes that in the modern “digital” world, the significant role of mass media in relation to the formation of mass preferences, reactions, value norms and perceptions of reality is largely determined by information overload, in which huge amounts of information cannot be structured and ordered by a simple layman. As a result, a kind of informational chaos is formed in his mind, and ultimately, a person finds himself in captivity of constructed images that create a new world, which is a semblance of genuine reality. The indicated trend largely affects the state of the psyche of young people, entails the development of serious mental disorders.

The article examines technologies of manipulative influence of digital media on the mental health of young people by the example of the formation of ideas about the “ideal appearance” and about the “correct parameters of the body”, highlights key mechanisms and tools that promote unhealthy ideals of external attractiveness in society. It is emphasized that a significant contribution to dissatisfaction with the body is made by attitudes to a certain type of female beauty. The main ones are objectification and self-objectification – the tendency to identify one's body and personality, to monitor physical attractiveness to the detriment of inner feelings and objective health indicators.

Under aggressive manipulative media influence, the widespread dissatisfaction with a normal body from the point of view of medicine, especially among adolescents, girls and young women, has acquired the scope of an epidemic. This circumstance leads to a range of serious mental problems, including an increase in anxiety and expectations of rejection on the basis of appearance, fear of a negative assessment of appearance by others and shame towards the body.

The article presents studies that establish a strong connection between the ideal of physicality, actively promoted by digital media, and eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia and continuous diets. Features of anxiety about appearance include excessive concern about appearance and time-consuming behavior to hide or disguise imaginary flaws, which ultimately leads to serious mental and behavioral disorders.

The article deals with the study of health mediatization on the example of the blogosphere. This topic is considered as relevant, but not sufficiently developed in the domestic scientific discourse, thus, as health is an significant component of social and individual life, it is important to study it. The paper attempts to analyze the features of the representation of the image of health and health-saving practices in the blogosphere. Nowadays the media format is considered as the mainstream of virtual communication, and it is especially popular among young people. The article contains two parts. The first one is theoretical and methodological, including the analysis of key concepts: blog, blogosphere, blogging. Using as a theoretical and methodological basis for their study the concept of social space, theories of social action, the following definitions are proposed in the work: a blog acts as a special social space where participants carry out social and communicative activities – blogging, that aims to meet their social needs and is carried out with language through the interpretation of transmitted meanings, their construction and exchange of values, generating its own discourse and social knowledge on articulated topics, thereby contributing to the formation of a new social reality – the blogosphere. The second part of the study reflects the main directions of scientific discussion about the features of the representation of the health sector in blogs based on the analysis of relevant domestic and foreign publications of the issue under discussion. The work includes a comparative analysis and systematization of the main approaches, the features of the health representation in the blogosphere, as well as the positive effects and main problems associated with the influence of blogs on social ideas about health and health saving practices.

This article analyzes the relationship between religiousness and attitudes to health and illness, as well as commitment to a healthy lifestyle. The author underlines the difficulty of defining the concept of religiousness and, accordingly, the problem of identifying the number of religious people. The author also deals with the perception of Orthodox Christianity as a cultural tradition rather than religious confession. The issue of dehumanization of medicine and the separation of medicine from religion as one of the key aspects analyzed in this paper. We are talking about the religiousness of both the patient and the doctor and the importance of taking this factor into account when building their interaction. Ignoring this aspect can affect the quality of treatment and disease prevention. The author does not aim to describe the relationship between the impact of various religions on specific indicators of morbidity and life expectancy, but makes an attempt to demonstrate that in a modern high-tech society faith continues to perform its most important functions – it forms a sense of psychological stability, confidence, protects against loneliness, external threats and adverse life circumstances and in many ways has an impact on the treatment process, the speed of rehabilitation, etc. In addition to studies that testify to the positive impact of religious faith on health and its components, the author also uses less cited studies that deal with the absence of this influence and argue not in favor of religiosity as a component of health. In the end the author comes to the conclusion is that most of researchers still consider faith as a positive aspect of health and healthy lifestyle.

The methodological basis of the work: research of the Department of Sociology of the Family and Demography of the Faculty of Sociology of the Lomonosov Moscow State University, the Public Opinion Foundation (FOM), the All-Russian Public Opinion Research Center (VTsIOM), the ZIRCON Research Group.

The article discusses strategies for the adaptation of elderly people in post-retirement time in a federal city and rural areas. Based on the analysis of 30 semi-structured interviews with elderly people from St. Petersburg and villages of the Republic of Karelia, the author’s typology of adaptation strategies for this category of citizens is presented.
The study identifies three strategies that differ in their views on the adaptation process. The classification of adaptation strategies was carried out on the basis of a thematic analysis of interviews, which made it possible to identify key topics in which the elderly indicated how they cope (or do not cope) with new living conditions, as well as comprehend how their adaptation occurs. The highlighted strategies showed that the main difference is the availability of certain resources, as well as trust in the media and public authorities to adapt to new times and the ability to quickly adapt to the changing, transforming temporality of the modern world. The strategies outlined in the study allow us to consider how the specifics of the perception of age is transformed depending on the acceptance or rejection of changes occurring in the post-teen period. The results of the study showed that reaching retirement age is a factor that, among other things, makes it difficult for older people to adapt. At the same time, it is important to search for retirement activities that can contribute to better adaptation of the elderly. Initiatives and social policy measures implemented in relation to retired elderly people (especially those aged 75 and older) do not contribute to the full participation of this category of citizens in various types of activities.

This article is devoted to the study of imperial statehood as a traditional form of statehood for Russia and the Russian people. The author of the article notes that in the minds of most “Russians” and residents of the Earth, the term “empire” is perceived with a pronounced negative connotation, which is a consequence of the dominant in science and mass consciousness, thanks to the activities of the media and propaganda, certain myths about empire and ideological attitudes.
Imperial states are usually identified either with a large power in their territorial possessions, or with a special type of state entities seeking constant territorial expansion, coupled with the merciless exploitation of “enslaved” peoples, i.e. with colonial powers, often to raise their status calling themselves “empires”.
Meanwhile, such ideas have nothing to do with reality. Classical empires are a special type of state entity dominated by the idea of ​ ​ unity of society in the name of the common good. Different ethnic groups coexist peacefully in culture and customs, coexisting under the patronage and supervision of the core imperial ethnic group, while maintaining their traditional way of life, economic structures, the system of local self-government and often statehood.
The study of the phenomenon of “empire” is very important at present in the light of determining the prospects and vector for the further development of the Russian world, Russian society and statehood. For, as history shows, the fate of the empire is inseparable from the fate of the core imperial ethnic group, i.e. the Russian people. And in this sense, the empire is not only a tradition, but also the fate of Russia.

“Monarchic statehood” L.A. Tikhomirova gave the monarchist movement an ideological expression of her feelings and unconscious national-patriotic feelings, set out in a strict system of history and dogmatics of monarchical statehood in its logical construction, which had not been done before the publication of this book.

Ultimately, all opinions about Russia, about its fate, vocation, history, all pros and cons come down to one question: is Russia original or not? From the answer to this question, all other concepts proceed.

Or, in other words, all concepts, all ideas, in fact, can be divided into those that recognize originality in relation to Russia and those that deny it. The identity of the Supreme Power in Russia is one of the most striking areas of the identity of the Russian spirit.

The originality of the autocracy in its historical path. It was born and grew along with the birth and growth of the Russian nation itself. It became a social institution of the Russian people, it included all the religious, psychological, everyday and cultural stereotypes of Russian thinking, psychology, faith and tastes.

The Ethnosocial identification actualizes the issue of interaction of population groups on both sides of the border in a global world. The issue of dual ethnic identification of residents of border regions, their acquisition of new features of the neighboring cultural environment, the formation of a special border identity is raised. Similar examples exist in various countries of the world, including the European Union, the United States of America, the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation. Within the framework of the research, the author uses the following methods: historical, geopolitical and civilizational approaches, concrete historical, observation and generalization, systemic socio-political and ethnic analysis, synthesis. In the conclusions, he comes to the opinion that there is a need for a broad study of the issue of biethnors in the national sociological school, the actualization of this direction in our days.

“Surveillance capitalism” is not yet a sustainable term used in the social sciences, although there has long been scientific debate about the basic technologies of this economic order- digital information and communication technologies, algorithms, data, artificial intelligence, neural networks, the Internet of things, etc. At the time, Google had revolutionized the field of predictive analysis and promoted “surveillance capitalism”. The company began to pay special attention to extracting and analyzing data in translation operations, speech recognition, image processing, ranking, etc. Google began to turn data (raw materials) into intelligent products – algorithms designed to predict user behavior. These predictive products have been used for sale to other organizations that are increasing their profits by improving their predictive marketing capabilities. Smart machines are no longer just learning to know a man his behavior, they are trying to push him into making certain decisions, into programmed behavioral responses to some stimulus, which leads to an increase in the earnings of “supervising capitalists” (and, above all, the income of owners of digital platforms). That is, by automating various processes, machines set the human behavior that  leads to the emergence of a new type of power – the “instrumental” power (automation of life of individuals by means of universal implementation of “smart” network devices, formation of “smart” space, “smart” houses). Algorithms penetrate into a variety of spheres, on the basis of algorithms management decisions are made and modern cities function. However, questions inevitably arise about the social consequences of widespread algorithmization and digitalization, the security of data storage, the limits of digitizing the social world.

The article is presents the main areas of employee education in modern business organizations. Trainings are important part of the development of any organization. Continuous education and the development of education systems in organizations used to be faced only by specific industries, such as medicine, the energy, etc., but today it is important to develop personnel to ensure their future mobility and employment. Organizations are faced with the problem of how to develop staff to be competitive, but at the same time build a motivation system in order to create the necessary loyalty.

The history of the development of management technologies and management training in Russia originates from rationalization work, the movement for the scientific organization of labor in all sectors of the national economy and the government. At the same time, organizational theory was developing, Western experience in improving production was studied, which in turn influenced the development of management as a whole. Unique Russian technologies were created and developed, which were closed for a long time. In this article were considered types of training, its importance for the development of the potential of employees, specific figures are given from the non-financial annual reports of some Russian companies in various industries. The training of specialists in the Soviet period is considered separately. Based on the data of the work of the Central Institute of Labor, approaches and methods for training managers and C-level executives are given. Education of a responsible attitude to business should affect every employee of the organization, and not just top and middle managers.
The importance of employee education in organizations today is strong need and an essential contribution to sustainable development. Types of modern education are considered. The Social reports of Russian companies are considered and specific figures for trained employees are given as examples.

The new coronavirus infection COVID-2019 has become one of the main social upheavals of our time, having a multifaceted impact on society. This article focuses on studying the impact of the pandemic on the transformation of consumption in Chinese society. Based on the analysis of scientific works and the results of empirical studies among students, rural and urban population, it is concluded that in each social group there have been changes in consumption caused by both a reduction in income and a transformation of social values. Changes in consumption have resulted in increased spending on food, health care, while spending on services, including accommodation, transport and communications, has declined significantly. In the context of the pandemic, there has been a change in the perception of the importance of health in the creation of people, which has led to an increase in the consumption of health services and health products. In the process of consumption, the Chinese sought first of all to satisfy the physiological needs and the needs for safety. In the context of the pandemic, there was an uncertainty in the income of the population, for some social groups, among which the rural population should be singled out, a new infection and the corresponding restrictive measures completely led to a significant decrease in income. This led to the development of the preventive savings motive. This was most pronounced in rural areas than in urban areas. While among the residents of Chinese cities, there was a more pronounced increase in the trend of rationalization of consumption. According to the results of the study, it was noted that the impact of the pandemic on social consumption in China is expressed in a decrease in the willingness of Chinese people to consume, the development of a precautionary savings motive, the formation of a trend towards rational consumption, a change in consumer habits, and an increase in online food purchases.

The article is devoted to the problems of Chinese communist ideology. The article considers the “Sinification of Marxism” as a phenomenon in the social and political life of the People’s Republic of China at the stage of development of this country after the end of the Cold War. The analysis of the process of development of the theory of “Sinification of Marxism” is carried out. Significant contradictions in the development of the Chinese nation were highlighted. At the same time, the analysis of transformations in the national priorities in the modernization policy of the People’s Republic of China was carried out. The contradictions between the old (Soviet) interpretation of the very concept of communist ideology and its current Chinese interpretation, proposed by Yu Wunzhin back in the 1990s, are shown.

After the 20th Party Congress of the Communist Party of China, the realization of “Chinese modernization” was identified as the central goal of the CPC in the latest period. In this process, the growth of the CPC’s leadership role in socialist China is an objective rule for achieving this goal. This is because socialist construction is not spontaneous, but the result of the conscious and purposeful activity of the working masses. History has shown that only the Communist Party can lead the conscious and creative activity of the working people. In the ranks of the Communist Party there are the best representatives of the working class, of the working people, and the Party as a whole is armed with knowledge of the objective laws of social development. The leadership of the Communist Party of China is also achieved by constantly strengthening its influence on the creative activities of the masses ideologically, politically and organizationally. And the dialectical logic of this is the dialectic of Xi Jinping’s thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era, also known as the Xi Jinping dialectic. This paper is a study of this, and has implications for the corresponding research in Russian scholarship.